What is the difference between automation workflow and AI agent?

The key difference between an automation workflow and an AI agent lies in their structure and autonomy.

• Automation workflow is a structured and predefined sequence of steps designed to handle specific, usually repetitive tasks. These workflows follow explicit rules laid out by a developer: "if X happens, then do Y." Workflows are predictable, linear, and operate within fixed boundaries without deviation. They are excellent for consistent, well-mapped processes where control and reliability are priorities.
• AI agent, on the other hand, is an autonomous system that is goal-oriented and capable of making decisions independently. Instead of following a fixed sequence, AI agents analyze their environment, plan their own steps to reach goals, adapt to new information, and handle complex or unforeseen situations dynamically. They choose their own actions, can learn over time, and operate flexibly with minimal human intervention.